Where is the dentate nucleus located?
cerebellar hemisphere
The dentate nucleus is the largest and most lateral of the cerebellar nuclei, located medially within each cerebellar hemisphere, just posterolateral to the fourth ventricle 1.
Is dentate nucleus GREY or white matter?
cerebellar white matter
The dentate nucleus is located within the cerebellar white matter and is directly adjacent to the vermis and the roof of the fourth ventricle bilaterally.
What causes dentate?
Dentate may be involved [Figure 9]. Metronidazole toxicity is a known cause of abnormal T2 hyperintense signal change in dentate nuclei. This toxicity generally presents with dysarthria, ataxia, and visual blurring. Cumulative dose of 25–90 g administered over a period of 1–3 months is implicated.
What happens when the caudate nucleus is damaged?
Early involvement of the caudate nucleus was found to result in worse outcomes over 4 years of follow-up, including cognitive impairment, depression, and movement problems. Lesions in the caudate nucleus can also result in abulia, also known as apathy or lack of will.
What does globus pallidus do?
The main function of the globus pallidus is to control conscious and proprioceptive movements. The GPe is the intrinsic nucleus, whereas the GPi is the output nucleus. The intrinsic nucleus acts as a relay for information. The output nucleus, primarily, sends information to the thalamus.
What is cerebellar lesion?
Cerebellar lesions are most often associated with the clinical findings of ataxia, which may affect the limbs, trunk, or even speech (producing a specific type of dysarthria known as scanning speech), dysequilibrium as manifested by a wide-based gait, and muscular hypotonia.
What is a basal nucleus?
The basal ganglia, or basal nuclei, are a group of subcortical structures found deep within the white matter of the brain. They form a part of the extrapyramidal motor system and work in tandem with the pyramidal and limbic systems.
Where is the Arbor Vitae?
cerebellum
The arbor vitae is located deep in the cerebellum. Situated within the arbor vitae are the deep cerebellar nuclei; the dentate, globose, emboliform and the fastigial nuclei.
Which part of the cerebellum receives input from many regions of the cortex?
Spinocerebellum. The spinocerebellum comprises the vermis and the intermediate zones of the cerebellar cortex, as well as the fastigial and interposed nuclei. As its name implies, it receives major inputs from the spinocerebellar tract.
What does the basal ganglia control?
The “basal ganglia” refers to a group of subcortical nuclei responsible primarily for motor control, as well as other roles such as motor learning, executive functions and behaviors, and emotions.
What is the prevalence of T1 hyperintense dentate nuclei in the US?
T1-hyperintense dentate nuclei were present in 41 (11%) of the 362 patients. Of these 41 patients, 31 (76%) had a history of brain irradiation. Signal intensity grade of the dentate nucleus on T1-weighted MR images correlated significantly with a history of brain irradiation ( P < .001) but no other clinical factor.
What causes a hyperintense dentate nucleus on MRI?
A hyperintense dentate nucleus may be seen on unenhanced T1-weighted MR images in some patients and may be associated with a history of brain irradiation.
Is T1-weighted hyperintensity in the dentate nucleus a manifestation of multiple sclerosis?
Thus, the T1-weighted hyperintensity seen in the dentate nucleus in patients with MS may be a result of their large cumulative gadolinium load rather than a manifestation of their disease.
Is the dentate nucleus associated with a history of brain irradiation?
Signal intensity grade of the dentate nucleus on T1-weighted MR images correlated significantly with a history of brain irradiation ( P < .001) but no other clinical factor. A hyperintense dentate nucleus may be seen on unenhanced T1-weighted MR images in some patients and may be associated with a history of brain irradiation.