How do you reconstitute Bafilomycin?
Bafilomycin A1 is supplied as a lyophilized powder. For a 1 mM stock, reconstitute the 100 μg in 160.56 μl DMSO. Working concentrations and length of treatment can vary depending on the desired effect, but it is typically used at 10 nM-1 μM for up to 18 hr.
Is Bafilomycin reversible?
Bafilomycin A1 is a selective and reversible inhibitor of vacuolar H+ ATPases (V-ATPases) with IC50 value of 4-400 nM.
What is Bafilomycin used for?
Bafilomycin application has been shown to reduce cell growth in various cancer cell lines across multiple cancer types by induction of apoptosis.
How do you dissolve Bafilomycin?
Bafilomycin A1 is supplied as a crystalline solid. A stock solution may be made by dissolving the bafilomycin A1 in the solvent of choice, which should be purged with an inert gas. Bafilomycin A1 is soluble in organic solvents such as DMSO and methanol.
How does chloroquine inhibit autophagy?
Chloroquine (CQ), which is frequently used clinically as an antimalarial agent, is a classic inhibitor of autophagy that blocks the binding of autophagosomes to lysosomes by altering the acidic environment of lysosomes, resulting in the accumulation of a large number of degraded proteins in cells (8).
How can autophagy inhibit?
Quinacrine also known as mepacrine which is a synthetic antimalarial drug belonging to the quinoline-based drugs class and have been demonstrated to inhibit autophagy at late stage (Golden et al., 2015).
What does Bafilomycin A1 do?
Bafilomycin A1 prevents maturation of autophagic vacuoles by inhibiting fusion between autophagosomes and lysosomes in rat hepatoma cell line, H-4-II-E cells.
How do you induce autophagy?
“Fasting is [the] most effective way to trigger autophagy,” explains Petre. “Ketosis, a diet high in fat and low in carbs brings the same benefits of fasting without fasting, like a shortcut to induce the same beneficial metabolic changes,” she adds.
What is autophagy inhibitor?
Autophagy inhibitors, such as chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine, have already been clinically approved, promoting drug combination treatment by targeting autophagic pathways as a means of discovering and developing more novel and more effective cancer therapeutic approaches.
Can autophagy be treated?
Modulation of autophagy has emerged as a promising therapeutic option for cancer treatment. Due to the dual role of autophagy in cancer cells, activators as well as inhibitors have been described as feasible chemotherapeutic agents.
How does Bafilomycin A1 inhibit autophagy?
Bafilomycin A1 (BafA1), a macrolide antibiotic, is a known inhibitor of the latter stages of autophagy, inhibiting fusion between autophagosomes and lysosomes by inhibiting vacuolar H+ ATPase (10).
What will break autophagy?
What turns off autophagy? Eating. Glucose, insulin (or decreased glucagon) and proteins all turn off this self-cleaning process.
Is s1413 Bafilomycin A1 soluble in DMSO?
S1413 Bafilomycin A1 (Baf-A1) is soluble in DMSO at 6 mg/ml. Please do not use alcohols as solvent, because this compound will degrade in alcohols.
What is the chemical structure of Bafilomycin A1?
Chemical structure of Bafilomycin A1. Bafilomycin A1 is supplied as a lyophilized powder. For a 1 mM stock, reconstitute the 100 μg in 160.56 μl DMSO. Working concentrations and length of treatment can vary depending on the desired effect, but it is typically used at 10 nM-1 μM for up to 18 hr.
What is the working time of Bafilomycin A1?
Bafilomycin A1 is supplied as a lyophilized powder. For a 1 mM stock, reconstitute the 100 μg in 160.56 μl DMSO. Working concentrations and length of treatment can vary depending on the desired effect, but it is typically used at 10 nM-1 μM for up to 18 hr.
What happens when Bafilomycin A1 is added to balanced salt solution?
When Bafilomycin A1 is added to Hanks’ balanced salt solution, endogenous protein degradation is strongly inhibited and numerous autophagosomes accumulated in H-4-II-E cells. Bafilomycin A1 also prevents the appearance of endocytosed HRP in autophagic vacuoles.
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