What is CXCR4 gene?
The CXCR4 gene provides instructions for making a receptor protein that spans the outer membrane of cells, specifically white blood cells and cells in the brain and spinal cord (central nervous system). Receptor proteins have specific sites into which certain other proteins, called ligands, fit like keys into locks.
What cell has CXCR4?
CXCR4 is expressed by most cells, including hematopoietic and endothelial cells (ECs), neurons and stem cells (embryonic and adult). Increased levels of CXCR4 are present in cancer cells compared to the normal cells (2, 3).
What type of receptor is CXCR4?
Function. CXCR-4 is an alpha-chemokine receptor specific for stromal-derived-factor-1 (SDF-1 also called CXCL12), a molecule endowed with potent chemotactic activity for lymphocytes. CXCR4 is one of several chemokine co-receptors that HIV can use to infect CD4+ T cells.
Which human immune cells contain the CXCR4 co-receptor?
Specifically, CXCR4 is expressed on 88.5% of CD4+ T cells in resting tissues, whereas CCR5 is expressed on 10.4% of cells. Thus, HIV infection inhibition via CCR5 targeting will be discussed in more detail below.
Why do gene mutations not result in chromosomal mutations?
The main difference between gene mutation and chromosomal mutation is that gene mutation is an alteration of the nucleotide sequence of a gene whereas chromosomal mutation is an alteration of the structure or number of chromosomes.
How can mutation affect a gene?
Germline mutations occur in gametes. Somatic mutations occur in other body cells.
What gene or chromosome is mutated in sickle cell disease?
Sickle cell disease is caused by a mutation in the hemoglobin-Beta gene found on chromosome 11. Hemoglobin transports oxygen from the lungs to other parts of the body.
What is the difference between gene and chromosomal mutation?
Single Pieces of an Entire Collection. Deoxyribonucleic acid,or DNA,is the protein molecule that forms genes.