What is histology of kidney?
The kidney is organised into many lobes, organised in a pyramidal structure, where the outer portion is made up of cortex, and the inner portion is made up of the medulla. The kidney contains about 1 million functional units called nephrons, which are continuous with a system of collecting tubules.
What are the functions of kidneys?
Your kidneys remove wastes and extra fluid from your body. Your kidneys also remove acid that is produced by the cells of your body and maintain a healthy balance of water, salts, and minerals—such as sodium, calcium, phosphorus, and potassium—in your blood.
How large is the human kidney?
Each kidney is about 4 or 5 inches long, roughly the size of a large fist. The kidneys’ job is to filter your blood. They remove wastes, control the body’s fluid balance, and keep the right levels of electrolytes. All of the blood in your body passes through them about 40 times a day.
What is structure of kidney?
Internally, the kidney has three regions: an outer cortex, a medulla in the middle, and the renal pelvis in the region called the hilum of the kidney. The hilum is the concave part of the bean-shape where blood vessels and nerves enter and exit the kidney; it is also the point of exit for the ureters.
Do kidneys repair themselves?
It was thought that kidney cells didn’t reproduce much once the organ was fully formed, but new research shows that the kidneys are regenerating and repairing themselves throughout life.
Why does your kidney hurt?
Kidney pain is felt in the sides or back. It is often mistaken for back pain. Kidney pain can be caused by kidney stones, urinary tract infection, kidney infection, an injury or kidney cancer.
What are the 3 main structures in the kidney?
3. The Kidneys Are Composed of Three Main Sections. Each kidney consists of an outer renal cortex, an inner renal medulla, and a renal pelvis.
What structures that surround the kidney?
Each kidney is held in place by connective tissue, called renal fascia, and is surrounded by a thick layer of adipose tissue, called perirenal fat, which helps to protect it. A tough, fibrous, connective tissue renal capsule closely envelopes each kidney and provides support for the soft tissue that is inside.
What is the functional morphology of the kidney?
1. Functional Morphology of the Kidneys Kidneys are paired retroperitoneal bean-shaped organs weighting about 150 g. Macroscopically, kidney is distinguished into cortex with granular appearance surrounded by fibrous capsule and medulla with striated appearance.
What are the major and minor calyces of the kidney?
The minor calyces unite to form a major calyx. Usually, there are two to three major calyces in the kidney (superior, middle, and inferior), which again unite to form the renal pelvis from which the ureter emerges and leaves the kidney through the hilum. The pyramids are separated by extensions of the cortex called the renal columns.
What is a kidney function profile?
A a Kidney Function Profile, is used to test the health of the kidneys. The nephron is the filtration unit of the kidney. It is the basic structural and functional unit of the kidney and cannot be seen by the naked eye. Each kidney has about 1 million nephrons. The walls of the nephron are made of a single layer of epithelial cells.
What is the fascia of the kidney?
The renal fascia is the divide between the renal tissue and the perirenal fat and encompasses both the kidney and the suprarenal gland before continuing into the fascia of the diaphragm. As with the adjacent renal fatty tissue, it maintains the placement of the kidneys.