What was fundamentalism in the 1920s?
The term fundamentalist was coined in 1920 to describe conservative Evangelical Protestants who supported the principles expounded in The Fundamentals: A Testimony to the Truth (1910–15), a series of 12 pamphlets that attacked modernist theories of biblical criticism and reasserted the authority of the Bible.
What are the 5 fundamentals of fundamentalism?
The Northern Presbyterian Church (now Presbyterian Church in the United States of America) influenced the movement with the definition of the five “fundamentals” in 1910, namely biblical inerrancy, nature divine of Jesus Christ, his virgin birth, resurrection of Christ and his return.
What are the characteristics of fundamentalism?
Religious fundamentalists believe in the superiority of their religious teachings, and in a strict division between righteous people and evildoers (Altemeyer and Hunsberger, 1992, 2004). This belief system regulates religious thoughts, but also all conceptions regarding the self, others, and the world.
Why did fundamentalism gain popularity in the 1920s?
The fundamentalist revival. A movement to defend traditional religion by emphasizing a literal interpretation of the Bible gained momentum in the ’20s and especially targeted Darwin’s theory of evolution as a symbol for what was wrong in modern society.
What is the difference between pluralism and fundamentalism?
While the fundamentalist seeks to engage in war with the enemy/other, pluralism tolerates differences and conflicts with others in order to live in peace and in the spirit of mutual acceptance. Therefore, two forces actually play two opposite roles in the world.
How did fundamentalism affect society in the 1920s?
The modern culture encouraged more freedom for young people and morality started changing. Fundamentalists believed consumerism and women reversing roles were declining morals. Nativism inspired groups like the KKK which tried to restrict immigration.
Is fundamentalism good or bad?
Depending upon the context, the label “fundamentalism” can be a pejorative rather than a neutral characterization, similar to the ways that calling political perspectives “right-wing” or “left-wing” can have negative connotations.
What is the contradiction of the 1920s?
But the 1920s were an age of extreme contradiction. The unmatched prosperity and cultural advancement was accompanied by intense social unrest and reaction. The same decade that bore witness to urbanism and modernism also introduced the Ku Klux Klan, Prohibition, nativism, and religious fundamentalism.